Thursday, April 3, 2025

Review of The Elephant in the Brain: Hidden Motives in Everyday Life by Kevin Simler, and Robin Hanson

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Genre = Sociology
Book Club Event = Book List (05/17/2025)
Intriguing Connections = 1) To Cooperate Or To Defect?, 2) War for Your Attention


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“Here is the thesis we’ll be exploring in this book: We, human beings, are a species that’s not only capable of acting on hidden motives – we’re designed to do it.  Our brains are built to act in our self-interest while at the same time trying hard not to appear selfish in front of other people.  And in order to throw them off the trail, our brains often keep “us,” our conscious minds, in the dark.  The less we know of our own ugly motives, the easier it is to hid them from others.” – Kevin Simler, and Robin Hanson, Introduction, Page 19


“Coalitions are what makes politics so political.  Without the ability to form teams and work together toward shared goals, a species’ “political” life will be stunted at the level of individual competition – every chicken for itself, pecking at every other chicken.  But add just a dash of cooperation to the mix, and suddenly a species’ political life begins to bloom.” – Kevin Simler, and Robin Hanson, Chapter 2: Competition, Page 47

 

“Among laypeople, gossip gets a pretty bad rap.  But anthropologists see it differently.  Gossip – talking about people behind their backs, often focusing on their flaws or misdeeds – is a feature of every society ever studied.  And while it can often be mean-spirited and hurtful, gossip is also an important process for curtailing bad behavior, especially among powerful people.” – Kevin Simler, and Robin Hanson, Chapter 3: Norms, Page 63


Review

Is This An Overview?

While socially taboo topics, issues, and behaviors are elephants in the room.  The elephant in the brain is an introspective taboo.  The way the brain processes information is not something people want to think about, or are aware of.  What the brain does, is enable the pursuit of self-interest, without acknowledging the self-interested motivation. 

 

Humans are designed for hidden selfish motives, while appearing to be selfless to others.  People rationalize their behavior as being more socially acceptable, than the behavior actually is.  To better hide the selfish motives, people undergo self-deception.  Self-deception is a strategic act for improving the effectiveness of deceiving others. 

 

For social support, to gain the approval of others, people show conspicuous behavior.  A lot of wealth, resources, and effort is used for intra-group competitive signaling.  Resources used to show off rather than for useful purposes.  Although the resources are wasted, the institutions have enabled people to cooperate.  Enabled methods of interacting that improve society, not just the person. 

 

Caveats?

As the authors acknowledge, there are a variety of reasons for why people behave the way they do, not just because of hidden selfishness.  Most of the book is filled with examples of when more resources are spent on an activity than is useful, finding how people act selfishly while not appearing as being selfish.  Although the examples are diverse, the explanations can become repetitive, and interest in the examples depend on the reader. 


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•What is the elephant in the brain?
•Why do people self-deceive themselves?
•What is the effect of the elephant in the brain on the allocation of resources?
•What is the effect of intra-group competitive signaling? 
•Why do people consume healthcare? 
•What is conspicuous consumption? 
•How is social status obtained?
•What is social grooming in baboons for?
•How do babblers compete?  
•Why do redwoods grow to be tall?
•What is the social brain hypothesis? 
•What is the difference between dominance and prestige?  
•What makes for an effective signal?
•What is culture/norms?
•What is collective enforcement? 
•What is gossip?
•Who cheats?
•What is common knowledge?
•How to tell who is loyal?  
•What is modularity in psychology?
•Why rationalize behavior? 
•What is the purpose of a press secretary? 
•What signals are sent through body language?
•Why do people laugh? 
•Why do people join conversations?
•Why do people consume art?
•Why do people give to charity?
•What is the purpose of school?
•Why are people religious? 
•Who are the apparatchiks?   

Book Details
Publisher:               Oxford University Press [University of Oxford]
Edition ISBN:         9780190496012
Pages to read:          300
Publication:             2017
1st Edition:              2017
Format:                    eBook 

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    5
Content          5
Overall          5






Sunday, March 30, 2025

Review of The Swerve: How the World Became Modern by Stephen Greenblatt

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Genre = History
Book Club Event = Book List (05/10/2025)


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“The household, the kinship network, the guild, the corporation – these were the building blocks of personhood.  Independence and self-reliance had no cultural purchase; indeed, they could scarcely be conceived, let alone prized.  Identity came with a precise, well-understood place in a chain of command and obedience.” – Stephen Greenblatt, Chapter 1: The Book Hunter, Page 19


“All the same, monastic rules did require reading, and that was enough to set in motion an extraordinary chain of consequences.  Reading was not optional or desirable or recommended; in a community that took its obligations with deadly seriousness, reading was obligatory.  And reading required books.  Books that were opened again and again eventually fell apart, however carefully they were handled.  Therefore, almost inadvertently, monastic rules necessitated that monks repeatedly purchase or acquire books.” – Stephen Greenblatt, Chapter 2: The Moment Of Discovery, Page 31 


“Authors made nothing from the sale of their books; their profits derived from the wealthy patron to whom the work was dedicated.  (The arrangement – which helps to account for the fulsome flattery of dedicatory epistles – seems odd to us, but it had an impressive stability, remaining in place until the invention of copyright in the eighteenth century.)  Publishers had to contend, as we have seen, with the widespread copying of books among friends, but the business of producing and marketing books must have been a profitable one.” – Stephen Greenblatt, Chapter 4: The Teeth of Time, Page 80


Review

Is This An Overview?

Books contain ideas that can change how a person thinks, they can swerve the behavior of society.  But the ideas contained in books are fragile, as the survival of books was under threat from various sources.  Until the advent of an educational system and mass literacy, there was low demand for books as few people read books.  Those who did read tended to remove books that were not aligned with their groups’ ideology.  Books were made of perishable material, which was damaged by weather, repeated use, and insects.  The book survival strategy, is to be copied.  Among those who could read, were the Benedictine monks.  Who kept to their code of requiring reading.  To read, they needed books.  Therefore housed, protected, and copied books.  Preserved ideas.  Preserved but not shared as much, for there was an ordeal to take a book out to read by someone other than a monk.

 

Few ancient books survived.  One book in particular was to be rediscovered, and influence the decisions of many people.  This was the book On the Nature of Things by Lucretius.  The ideas within the book stood in contrast to the religious fervor during the era when it was written and rediscovered.  Many ideas held in the book would later be validated through scientific procedures.  A book that swerved society from ecclesial to scientific. 

 

Caveats?

There were many sources of societal change than a singular book.  During the eras that the author was describing, there were various sources of influence and power struggles that culminated into the swerves.  There were other societies and groups that were interested in books.  


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•What is a Swerve? 
•What is On The Nature of Things?
•How as On The Nature of Things received? 
•What effect did the Greco-Roman mythology have on society?
•What made a person’s identity? 
•Who was Poggio?
•What did the Church think of curiosity?  
•What happened to the pope that Poggio served? 
•Why was Poggio interested in books?
•What happed in the Roman Empire was falling apart?
•Why should there a rule of complete silence?  What was the consequence for not being silent? 
•How did the Goths effect books?
•How to access a book protected by a Benedict librarian monk? 
•Why did people become monks?
•What is a scriptorium? 
•What kind of books were part of the ancient world? How did the form of the book change?
•How did monks copy books?
•How durable were the parchments used by the monks?
•Who was Epicurus? 
•What threatened a book? 
•What did authors earn from their books? 
•What is the purpose of the Museum? 
•What happened to Hypatia? 
•What influence did the pope have?
•What was the Bugiale? 

Book Details
Publisher:               W. W. Norton & Company
Edition ISBN:         9780393083385
Pages to read:          232
Publication:             2012
1st Edition:              2011
Format:                    eBook 

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    5
Content          5
Overall          5






Wednesday, March 26, 2025

Review of Industrial Policy for the United States: Winning the Competition for Good Jobs and High-Value Industries by Marc Fasteau, and Ian Fletcher

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

Excerpts are provided by with permission from an author.

“Industrial policy is the deliberate governmental support of industries, with such support falling into two categories.  First are broad policies that assist all industries, such as exchange rate management and tax breaks for R&D.  Second are policies that target particular industries or technologies, such as tariffs, subsidies, government procurement, export controls, and technological research done or funded by government.” – Marc Fasteau, and Ian Fletcher, Introduction, Page 2

 


“Short-term investing can accomplish many important economic tasks, but some of the most crucial investments must be long term.  And there is nothing in capitalism guaranteeing that capitalists will have sufficiently long time horizons.  But without long-term investments, whose payoff may not come for years or even decades, businesses often won’t develop the next generation of technology, instead sticking with variations on what already exist.  Companies with short time horizons will cede market after market to rivals with longer time horizons.  Entire industries can be outcompeted by foreign rivals with time horizons artificially lengthened by their home country’s industrial policies.” – Marc Fasteau, and Ian Fletcher, Chapter 1: Why The Free Market Can’t Do Everything, Page 14

 


“The advantageousness of industries changes as technology advances.  Yesterday’s high technology becomes commoditized, loses patent and trade-secret protection, and diffuses around world.  Therefore, a technologically static industry’s advantageousness will generally decline over time, though barriers to industry entry can slow this process.” – Marc Fasteau, and Ian Fletcher, Chapter 2: The Dynamics Of Advantageous Industries, Page 27


Review

Is This An Overview?

Industrial policy is a deliberate governmental support for industries.  For government to support innovation, commercialization, retention of advantageous industries, reduce foreign competition for internal markets, and to manage the exchange rate to balance trade.  Government intervention is needed due to limits of the markets, to have government supply that which the markets cannot.  The limits to free markets include externalities, a focus on short term investments, and limited production and innovation to what provides the firm with readily monetized products.

 

Firms that rely on markets tend to lose competitiveness to foreign firms which are supported by governments.  Loss of competitiveness that leads to a loss of jobs, wealth, and tax revenue which hinders national defense.  Effective industrial policy includes a proactive mobilization of resources, long term strategies, coordinated related policies, and are consistent enough for firms to know how to allocate investments.  Policies need to enable advantageous economic activities, which are activities that contain increasing returns, high income elasticity of demand, susceptibility to repeated improvement, competition not limited to on a basis of price, and can accumulate human capital.  Industrial policy enables a mixed economy that is part public, part free-market private, part regulated private.

 

Caveats?

This book can be difficult to read, as various parts of the book contain a more technical manual on industries and policies.  The book is a guide for those seeking to know what policies are available and industries affected, not an introductory book on economic development.

 

This book can be used by every state, not just the United Sates.  The book provides an economic history of various states, with various successes and failures in using industrial policy.  As every state can use the same policies, each state can reciprocate a policy that is being used against them.  Each state can reciprocate the denial of technology and limit the internal market to foreigners.  This can exacerbate conflicts rather than provide opportunities for cooperation. 

 

The way the ideas in the book are expressed have contradictions.  1) The authors claim that the U.S. is supporting free trade with a lack of government support, then proceed to show how much government has been involved in developing industries.  The authors critique should be about the difference between what is publicly claims and what is being done, rather than on lack of government intervention.  2) The author makes the claim that government intervention is needed, as government can potentially improve outcomes when the free market provides suboptimal outcomes.  If government is needed when markets produce suboptimal outcomes, then markets can be claimed to be needed when government produces suboptimal outcomes.  Within the economic history provided, the authors provide references to governments not being optimal.  3) For effective industrial policy, governments require predicting the future of how technology will evolve, and which markets would be profitable.  Then to support those industries and markets with various policies, such as educating people for those future needs.  The problem is that this claim requires government officials to be rational agents.  Effective government intervention requires the same conditions which Neoclassical economic perspective held, that people are omniscient and omnipotent.  These views are no longer considered acceptable assumptions in economics. 

 

Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•What is industrial policy? 
•What do people think of industrial policies? 
•What do Americans want from their government? 
•What industrial policies do the authors want? 
•What are the limits to free markets? 
•What is mainstream economics?
•What economic methodology do the authors approve of? 
•What are advantageous activities?  
•What is the problem with rent-seeking?
•What kind of economy promotes industrial policies?  
•What are the tools of industrial policy?
•What are the objections to industrial policy? 
•What is mercantilism? 
•What are the advantages and consequences of globalization?
•What is comparative advantage and what are the limitations of comparative advantage?
•What are trade deficits? 
•What was the Bretton Woods system?
•How can government effect innovation?
•What do patents do? 
•What industrial policy does or did the United States have?
•How much manufacturing is there in the U.S.?
•Why did the United States outperform other economies after WWII? 
•What industrial policy does or did Japan have?
•What industrial policy does or did Korea States have?
•What industrial policy does or did China have?
•What industrial policy does or did Germany have?
•What industrial policy does or did France have?
•What industrial policy does or did the United Kingdom have?
•What industrial policy does or did India have?
•What industrial policy does or did Argentina have?

Book Details
This book was provided to the reviewer by the author
Publisher:               Cambridge University Press
Edition ISBN:         9781009563338
Pages to read:          619
Publication:             2024
1st Edition:              2024
Format:                    Paperback

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    3
Content          4
Overall          3






Saturday, March 22, 2025

Review of The Republic Of Plato by Plato, and Allan Bloom

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Genre = Philosophy
Book Club Event = Book List (04/19/2025)


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“”Doesn’t doing just things also produce justice and unjust ones injustice”  |  “Necessarily”  |  “To produce health is to establish the parts of the body in a relation of masting, and being mastered by, one another that is according to nature, while to produce sickness is to establish a relation of ruling, and being ruled by, one another that is contrary to nature.”  |  “It is.”  | “Then, in its turn,”  I said, “isn’t to produce justice to establish the parts of the soul in a relation of masting, and being masted by, one another that is according to nature, while to produce injustice is to establish a relation of ruling, and being ruled by, one another that is contrary to nature?”  |  “Entirely so,” he said.  |  “Virtue, then, as it seems, would be a certain health, beauty and good condition of a soul, and vice a sickness, ugliness and weakness.”” – Plato, Book II, Page 158


“”What else but what’s next?” I said.  “Since philosophers are those who are able to grasp what is always the same in all respects, while those who are not able to do so but wander among what is many and varies in all ways are not philosophers, which should be the leaders of a city?”  |  “How should we put it so as to speak sensibly” he said.  |  “Those who look as if they’re capable of guarding the laws and practices of cities should be established as guardians.”  |  “Right,” he said.  |  “But is it plain,” I said, “whether it’s a blind guardian or a sharp-sighted one who ought to keep watch over anything?”  |  “of course it’s plain,” he said.  |  “Well, does there seem to be any difference, then, between blind men and those men who are really deprived of the knowledge of what each thing is; those who have no clear pattern in the soul, and are hence unable – after looking off, as painters do, toward what is truest, and ever referring to it and contemplating it as precisely as possible – to give laws about what is fine, just, and good, if any need to be given, and as guardians to preserve those that are already established?”” – Plato, Book VI, Page 192

 


“”Well, then, I suppose that if the nature we set down for the philosopher chances on a suitable course of learning, it will necessarily grow and come to every kind of virtue; but if it isn’t sown, planted, and nourished in what’s suitable, it will come to all the opposite, unless one of the gods chances to assist it.  Or do you too believe, as do the many, that certain young men are corrupted by sophists, and that there are certain sophists who in a private capacity corrupt to an extent worth mentioning?  Isn’t it rather the very men who say this who are the biggest sophists, who educate most perfectly and who turn out young and old, men and women, just the way they want them to be?”” – Plato, Book VI, Page 199


Review

Is This An Overview?

The rule of the many cannot develop a just society, for the many are corruptible.  Most people would be willing to do harm to others to help themselves, but are prevented by the potential consequences of being caught.  The corruptible are those who cannot understand ideas that do not change, the perfect.  The corruptible mislead others, and therefore need to have their ideas removed from society. 

 

Within society, there are a few who can understand what is always the same, the philosophers.  The philosophers are those in possession of knowledge that make them worthy of being rulers, creating a necessary hierarchy.  Philosophers can become guardians of society, to preserve laws.  A just society needs philosopher-kings to lead them.  For a philosopher-king can withstand the corruption of the many, and educate the many to behave justly.  The soul of these guardians is filled by knowing that which is always the same, immortal and true. 

 

What Did The Ancillary Authors Think? 

The translator, and introductory author, claimed that The Republic was not written to be reasonable, to make valuable claims, but to be a drama of ideas.  To be outrageous and absurd.  To provoke thought.   To be read as dramatic irony rather than for political ideas. 

 

This claims seems to be problematic given that Plato’s contemporaries did not treat Plato’s ideas in such a way, and by dismissing the claims in the book removes Plato’s responsibility from the ideas.

 

Caveats?

This book is presented as a dialectic, a discussion of ideas, a dialogue.  The discussion is an illusion.  Plato uses Socrates as a method of explaining ideas, rather than explaining the ideas of Socrates the philosopher.  The characters who are part of the discussion, sometimes provide readily overcome criticism, but throughout most of the conversation, they just accept and praise every Socrates claim.  Deferring to Socrates rather than having a conversation with Socrates.  Just like how the people who are ruled are meant to defer to the philosopher-king who is supposed to know the appropriate decision.  The claims that are provided are generally flawed as they use irrelevant comparisons, have contradictions, and assume no possible alternative idea is acceptable. 


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•Where did the title, ‘The Republic’, come from?
•What was Socrates influence on Plato? 
•Who was critical of The Republic and why were they critical of the ideas?
•For what purpose does Bloom think The Republic was written for? 
•Why is Socrates?
•Is it possible to persuade people who do not listen?
•What is the benefit of doing certain type of work?
•What is the benefit of art?
•What would happened should someone possess a ring that made them invisible?  
•How should work be divided in a city?
•What is free from lies?
•What is the purpose of an education?
•Should terror be taught? 
•What are the two parts of a soul?
•Who are philosophers?
•What is corruption?
•Who are guardians?
•Who are the philosopher-kings?
•What is Plato’s cave?
•What are the forms of governance? 
•What brings about tyrants? 
•What is the noble lie?

Book Details
Introductory Author: Adam Kirsch
Translator:              Allan Bloom
Original Language: Ancient Greek
Translated Into:       English
Publisher:               Basic Books [Hachette Book Group]
Edition ISBN:         9780465094097
Pages to read:          449
Publication:             2016
1st Edition:              Circa 365 B.C.E.
Format:                    eBook 

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    2
Content          1
Overall          1






Tuesday, March 18, 2025

Review of The Signal and the Noise: Why So Many Predictions Fail - But Some Don't by Nate Silver

This book review was written by Eugene Kernes   

Book can be found in: 
Book Club Event = Book List (08/16/2025)
Intriguing Connections = 1) How Does Data Get Use, And Misused?, 2) The Style of Math


Watch Short Review

Excerpts

“Meanwhile, exposure to so many new ideas was producing mass confusion.  The amount of information was increasing much more rapidly than our understanding of what to do with it, or our ability to differentiate the useful information from the mistruths.  Paradoxically, the result of having so much more shared knowledge was increasing isolation along national and religious lines.  The instinctual shortcut that we take when we have “too much information” is to engage with it selectively, picking out the parts we like and ignoring the remainder, making allies with those who have made the same choices and enemies of the rest.” – Nate Silver, Introduction, Pages 3-4



“The most calamitous failures of prediction usually have a lot in common.  We focus on those signals that tell a story about the world we would like it to be, not how it really is.  We ignore the risks that are hardest to measure, even when they pose the greatest threats to our well-being.  We make approximations and assumptions about the world that are much cruder than we realize.  We abhor uncertainty, even when it is an irreducible part of the problem we are trying to solve.” – Nate Silver, Chapter 1: A Catastrophic Failure Of Prediction, Page 20


 

“This book advises you to be wary of forecasters who say that the science is not very important to their jobs, or scientists who say that forecasting is not very important to their jobs!  These activities are essentially and intimately related.  A forecaster who says he doesn’t care about the science is like the cook who says he doesn’t care about food.  What distinguishes science, and what makes a forecast scientific, is that it is concerned with the objective world.  What makes forecasts fail is when our concern only extends as far as the method, maxim, or model.” – Nate Silver, Chapter 12: A Climate Of Healthy Skepticism, Page 403


Review

Is This An Overview?

Having a lot of information does not mean there is a lot of validity in the information.  There is difficulty in understanding large quantities of information, and difficult to differentiate between useful information from misinformation.  While people want useful information, want the Signal, much of the information is not useful, information that is noise.  Noise distracts people from the Signal.  The quality of predictions, or forecasts, depends on filtering the Signal from the Noise. 

 

The data, the evidence, the numbers do not represent themselves.  The evidence is represented by people, who tend to favor the evidence they want to hear.  Confirming their views which limits their decisions, and causes them to miss evidence that can affect the decisions being made.  People are biased, and therefore develop biased predictions.  To improve data-driven predictions, people need to improve their ability to sort the information. 

 

Prediction failures tend to have features in common such as focusing on what is wanted rather than what is, ignoring difficult to measure risks, making inappropriate approximations and assumptions, and misunderstanding uncertainty.  Forecasts tend to improve when people think of various alternative views, and update their views to new information. 

 

What Is Forecasting?

Models are a tool to represent the complexities of reality, they do not substitute for reality.  A prediction is a definite and specific statement of what might happen, while a forecast is a probabilistic statement of what might happen.  Risk is knowing what the options are, while uncertainty is not knowing the options or information that can affect the options. 

 

Systems which are dynamic and nonlinear (chaos theory), made predictions difficult.  People can change their behavior to a prediction, therefore changing the prediction itself into a self-fulfilling prediction as people support the claims or a failed prediction by avoiding the claims.

 

Good forecasts are those which over time make more correct predictions.  A Bayesian analysis is a method of updating beliefs, as the method gets the person closer and closer to the truth. 

 

Caveats?

Advice for how to improve decisions are described using examples, the advice is hidden within the examples.  The examples are noise that the reader needs to engage with to find the signal.   The value of the examples depends on the interests of the reader.  There is not much of a systematic analysis, a lack of a summary for the advice.  


Questions to Consider while Reading the Book

•What is the raison d’etre of the book?  For what purpose did the author write the book?  Why do people read this book?
•What are some limitations of the book?
•To whom would you suggest this book?
•Are statisticians able to predict outcomes? 
•Did Nate Silver predict political outcomes? 
•How did the printing press change the value of information?
•What do people want to hear? 
•Who speaks for numbers? 
•What is the quality of medical hypotheses?  
•What is information overload? 
•What is the rate of change for the noise and the signal? 
•What are common causes of prediction failures?  
•What is the difference between risk and uncertainty? 
•What is the difference between a good and bad forecast?
•What is the difference between a prediction and a forecast? 
•What do rating agencies do? 
•What did the rating agencies predict? 
•What does it mean to be out of sample?
•How does confidence effect predictions? 
•Who are hedgehogs and foxes?
•Who is more likely to appear on major media explaining their views? 
•What is the value of news? 
•What makes for a valuable baseball player? 
•What happened to weather forecasts? 
•What is Laplace’s Demon? 
•What is the value of a computer? 
•What is chaos theory?
•What happens when people do not trust their sources of information?
•Can earthquakes be predicted? 
•What is overfitting? 
•hat is the value of economic forecasts?  
•Can data be ignored? 
•Can the spread of diseases be predicted? 
•What is a self-fulfilling prediction?
•What is the value of a model? 
•How to gamble on sports? 
•What is the purpose of a Bayesian analysis?
•What is the frequentist approach? 
•How did chess change? 
•What is the Mechanical Turk?
•How to play poker? 
•Can the stock market be predicted?
•What are the forms of an efficient-market? 
•How does herding effect the quality of forecasts? 
•What do meteorologist think about climate change? 
•What is the use of skepticism? 
•Could 9/11 be predicted?
•Could the attack on Pearl Harbor be predicted? 


Book Details
Publisher:               Penguin Books [Penguin Group]
Edition ISBN:         9780143125082
Pages to read:          459
Publication:             2015
1st Edition:              2012
Format:                    eBook 

Ratings out of 5:
Readability    5
Content          5
Overall          4